Behind the Artefact
A resin coin. An NFC chip. Eight hundred years of iconography.
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The centre depicts a face holding a human heart in clawed hands, with a sacrificial knife (tecpatl) for a tongue. The MNA notes the lower half is fleshless and the upper half normal — symbolising life and death. The figure's identity is debated: widely attributed to Tonatiuh, but some scholars argue it is the earth monster Tlaltecuhtli.
The film design replaces the life/death duality with a complete stylised skull that breaks out of the central boundary — a decision made through five design iterations, with earlier versions rejected for looking like a "monkey's skull."
The first ring contains 20 distinct glyphs representing the days of the Mexica month — including Cipactli (crocodile), Miquiztli (death/skull), and Xōchitl (flower). Each glyph carries specific cosmological meaning.
The film coin retains a ring of symbols but they are heavily simplified or invented shapes. They mimic the visual texture of the original glyphs without retaining their specific iconographic meaning.
The outer edge is dominated by two massive fire serpents (Xiuhcoatl), their bodies made of square segments and flames, meeting face-to-face at the bottom. The MNA describes their precise symbolism as "unknown."
The film coin replicates the segmented, curved border structure but removes the serpent heads and flames entirely. The mythological figures are reduced to a decorative border.
Skull face — Arcanium Studios, 2026. Placeholder: morning shoot pending.
This coin is a handmade resin piece produced by Arcanium Studios, cast and finished to replicate the appearance of aged bronze. It measures 42mm across — sitting between the two sizes of the original film prop — and is 3.32mm thick. One face replicates the cursed skull medallion from Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl. The reverse carries the concentric ring structure of the Mexica Sun Stone.
Embedded in the coin is an NTAG 213 NFC chip. Tapping it with your phone brought you here. The chip contains no personal data — only a URL. The experience is the content.
The finish is hand-painted to achieve a bronze appearance, with a Vallejo Velvet Red treatment in the recesses — a deliberate reference to the film's "blood price" curse mechanic. The semi-translucent quality of the red gives the dried, darkened effect of the prop.
In Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003), the coin is one of 882 identical pieces of Aztec gold delivered to the conquistador Hernán Cortés in a stone chest. The treasure was cursed because it fuelled Cortés's greed rather than satisfying it.
"This is Aztec gold. One of 882 identical pieces they delivered in a stone chest to Cortez himself. Blood money paid to stem the slaughter he wreaked upon them with his armies."
— Captain Barbossa, The Curse of the Black Pearl
The 882 figure is an invention of the film's writers — not a historical record of Aztec tribute. The curse mechanic — pirates becoming skeletal undead in moonlight — is the film's own mythology, and it directly shaped the design of the coin.
Source: Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003); Pirates of the Caribbean Wiki, Treasure of Cortés.
Skull face detail. Placeholder: morning shoot pending.
Skull detail — five design iterations led to this. Placeholder: morning shoot pending.
The original film prop was designed by Production Designer Brian Morris and Art Director Richard Earl. The coin went through at least five design iterations before director Gore Verbinski approved the final version.
Early versions had the skull contained entirely within the central circle. The production team rejected these — one version was described as looking too much like a "monkey's skull." The final design broke the skull out of the central boundary, adding teeth and bones beneath it. The skull was deliberately made to feel dominant, not contained.
The reverse of the coin — never seen in the film — features a geometric pattern combining pyramid steps and a square maze. The prop makers noted they did not know where the designer sourced this reference. No official production confirmation exists that it represents a map, despite fan speculation to the contrary.
Source: Our Life with Props, "Pirates of the Caribbean Cortés Gold," July 2016. Written by the original prop makers.
The Piedra del Sol — the Sun Stone — is a basalt monolith carved by the Mexica between 1502 and 1520. It was buried face-down after the Spanish conquest and rediscovered in 1790 during excavations in Mexico City's Plaza Mayor. It is now the centrepiece of the Mexica Hall at the Museo Nacional de Antropología (MNA) in Mexico City.
Despite its popular name, it is not a functioning calendar. It is a monumental sculpture representing Mexica cosmogony — the cycles of time, the destruction of previous worlds, and the relationship between gods and humanity. It was almost certainly laid flat, possibly serving as a sacrificial platform, and was once painted in blue, red, green, and yellow.
The stone has become a symbol of Mexican national identity, reproduced on coins, stamps, and public monuments. The Arcanium coin is part of a long tradition of reproduction and reinterpretation that began well before Hollywood.
Source: Museo Nacional de Antropología; Google Arts & Culture, "Decoding the Sun Stone" (MNA partnership); Wikipedia, "Aztec sun stone."
The Sun Stone, MNA Mexico City. Photo: Smarthistory / public domain.
Sun Stone face — Arcanium Studios, 2026. Placeholder: morning shoot pending.
The film coin is not a copy of the Sun Stone. It is an adaptation — a deliberate reinterpretation of its visual language to serve a specific narrative purpose. Understanding what was kept, what was changed, and what was invented is the point of this exhibition.
Confidence labels: Verified = sourced from MNA or peer-reviewed scholarship. Prop = film production record. Claims without a label are analysis.
The Sun Stone is the centrepiece of the Mexica Hall at the Museo Nacional de Antropología, Paseo de la Reforma, Mexico City. It is one of the most significant archaeological objects in the Americas and is part of the museum's permanent collection.
The Sun Stone in situ, MNA Mexica Hall. Photo: public domain.